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From the Salon to the Schoolroom
Educating Bourgeois Girls in Nineteenth-Century France
352 pages | 4 illustrations/3 maps | 6.125 x 9.25 | 2005
ISBN 978-0-271-02680-0 | cloth: $74.95
ISBN 978-0-271-02491-2 | paper: $25.00
Winner of the 2007 Book Prize of the British History of Education Society
“The book is impressively and imaginatively researched.” —Jennifer Heuer, French Politics, Culture & Society
“Rebecca Rogers’ well-crafted and deeply researched study of the educational institutions available to bourgeois girls in nineteenth-century France intersects with a number of current debates about gender norms and the place of women in public life.” —Denise Z. Davidson, European History Quarterly
“This is a well-written, well-researched, and well-argued work. Rather than a narrowly conceived institutional history of particular establishments, Rebecca Rogers has produced a far broader, more ambitious analysis of social and familial change during the course of the nineteenth century, as made manifest by changes in the schooling of bourgeois girls.” —Sharif Gemie, American Historical Review
“Rogers presents her beautifully demarcated argument in three chronologically arranged parts. . . . scholars of girlhood in any nation should find Rogers’ insights helpful and can appreciate her interweaving of bourgeois girls’ history with national development.” —Laureen Tedesco, Nineteenth Century Studies
“Rogers fills an important gap in French women’s history between Old Regime salons and the establishment of universal public education for both girls and boys under the Third Republic.” —D. A. Harvey, Choice
“In this lively piece of writing, one appreciates the interplay between general theoretical considerations and archival investigation. Rebecca Rogers excels in describing how the structure of schools and their network relates to the formation of social and individual identities.” —Alain Corbin, University of Paris, Panthéon Sorbonne
“From the Salon to the Schoolroom makes an important and original contribution to the literature on France and French women. Rogers shows that girls’ education was not so much about girls as about women and the role presumed proper for them. It was about the family and the hopes and anxieties that French men and women placed on the family to reconstruct the nation in the post-Napoleonic era. It was also about men and men’s roles in public and private life; about nation and nationalism; and about race and the ‘civilizing mission.’” —Claire G. Moses, University of Maryland
How a nation educates its children tells us much about the values of its people. From the Salon to the Schoolroom examines the emerging secondary school system for girls in nineteenth-century France and uncovers how that system contributed to the fashioning of the French bourgeois woman.
Rebecca Rogers explores the variety of schools—religious and lay—that existed for girls and paints portraits of the women who ran them and the girls who attended them. Drawing upon a wide array of public and private sources—school programs, prescriptive literature, inspection reports, diaries, and letters—she reveals the complexity of the female educational experience as the schoolroom gradually replaced the salon as the site of French women's special source of influence.
From the Salon to the Schoolroom also shows how France as part of its civilizing mission transplanted its educational vision to other settings: the colonies in Africa as well as throughout the Western world, including England and the United States. Historians are aware of the widespread ramifications of Jesuit education, but Rogers shows how French education for girls played into the cross-cultural interactions of modern society, producing an image of the Frenchwoman that continues to tantalize and fascinate the Western world today.
Rebecca Rogers is Professor in the history of education at the Université Paris Descartes. Her first book, Les Demoiselles de la Légion d’Honneur: Les Maisons d’éducation de la Legion d’honneur au dix-neuvième siècle, was published in France in 1992.
Contents
List of Abbreviations
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Part i. Reconstructing Girls Education in the PostrevolutionaryPeriod (18001830)
1 Defining Bourgeois Femininity:Voices and Debates
2 Schools, Schooling, and the Educational Experience
Part ii.Women, Schools, and the Politics of Culture (18301880)
3 Debating Womens Place in the Consolidating Bourgeois Order (18301848)
4 Independent Women? Teachers and the Teaching Profession at Midcentury
5 Vocations and Professions: The Case of the Teaching Nun
6 Boarding Schools: Location, Ethos, and Female Identities
Part iii. National and Political Visions of Girls Education
7 Political Battles for Womens Minds in the Second Half of theNineteenth Century
8 Beyond the Hexagon: French Schools on Foreign Soils
Conclusion
Appendix 1: The Women Pedagogues
Appendix 2: The Professions of Fathers and Husbands of Parisian Headmistresses(18101880)
Notes
Select Bibliography
Index