From Alexandre Dumas to Raymond Chandler, Martin Green examines
adventure stories and their role in spreading the ideology of the
modern nation-state.
Seven Types of Adventure Tale studies widely read and influential
adventure tales of the eighteenth through the twentieth centuries
in the respectable literary forms. Some of the authors considered
are Dumas, Scott, Defoe, Cooper, Verne, Buchan, Kipling, Twain,
and Chandler. These stories, tough adapted and copied innumerable
times and read in their native languages and in translation throughout
the Western world. have been largely neglected by literary theorists.
Green offers a way to take the adventure tale seriously by positioning
these stories within a new theoretical framework.
Green places in seven categories organizing according to the type
of central character in each story. The first category is the Robinson
Crusoe story, which portrays the myth of entrepreneurial capitalism
and "modern" or postfeudal politics. This story has appeared in
one hundred well-known versions, including The Swiss Family Robinson and Lord of the Flies, since Defoe published his version.
The second category is the Three Musketeers story, mythifying the
birth of the French state and, by extension, the birth of other
nation-states. The third is the Frontiersman story, originally about
American history but a powerful myth far beyond U.S. borders. The
fourth, the Avenger story, is tied to the myth of an avenging return
by Napoleon to France, but more generally to a threat to the bourgeois
ruling classes of the nineteenth-century Europe. The fifth is the
Wanderer story, which relates to escaping from social discipline
by also to spying and disguises and crossing frontiers of all kinds.
The sixth, the Saga story, is a revision of the Icelandic and Teutonic
sagas and reflects the myth of resurgent Germany after its unification
in 1870. And the seventh category, more specific to the twentieth
century, is the Hunted Man story, in which an individual hero is
pitted against social juggernaut, such as the state, the Mafia,
or a giant corporation.
Seven Types of Adventure Tale is the second volume of a
three-volume study of adventure by Green that began with The
Robinson Crusoe Story. |
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Green is Professor and Chair of English at Tufts University. He
is also the author of Dreams of Adventure, Deeds of Empire (Basic Books, 1980), The Great American Adventure (Beacon Press,
1984), The Origins of Nonviolence (Penn State Press, 1986),
and The Robinson Crusoe Study (Penn State Press, 1990). |
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