At the Crossroads of the Senses

Digital Companion to At the Crossroads of the Senses

Inspired by Richard Wagner’s idea of the total artwork, European modernist artists began to pursue multimedia projects that mixed colors, sounds, and shapes. Polina Dimova’s At the Crossroads of the Senses traces this new sensory experience of synaesthesia—the physiological or figurative blending of senses—as a modernist phenomenon from its scientific description in the late nineteenth century to its prevalence in the early twentieth.

Structured around twenty theses on synaesthesia, this book explores the integral relationship between modernist art, science, and technology, tracing not only how modernist artists perceptually internalized and absorbed technology and its effects but also how they appropriated it to achieve their own aesthetic, metaphysical, and social goals. Through case studies of prominent multimodal artists—Oscar Wilde, Aubrey Beardsley, Richard Strauss, Aleksandr Scriabin, Wassily Kandinsky, František Kupka, Andrei Bely, and Rainer Maria Rilke—At the Crossroads of the Senses reveals the color-forms and color-sounds that, for these artists, laid the foundations of the world and served as the catalyst for the flourishing exchanges among the arts at the fin de siècle.

Rooted in archival research in Russia, Germany, France, and the Czech Republic, At the Crossroads of the Senses taps overlooked scientific sources to offer a fresh perspective on European modernism. Sensory studies scholars, literary critics, and art and music historians alike will welcome its many contributions, not least among them a refreshing advocacy for a kind of sensuous reading practice.

“I have never come across a book or manuscript that explores this topic in such depth, breadth, and detail. Dimova’s overview of the history of perceptions of synesthesia and of controversies surrounding the topic of synesthesia is extraordinarily enlightening, and the synthesis of a wide variety of approaches to this complex topic is impressive and highly readable.”—Karen Evans-Romaine, author of Boris Pasternak and the Tradition of German Romanticism

“The phenomenon of mixed sensations, or intersensoriality, fascinated scientists and artists alike in the fin de siècle, and out of their exchanges there emerged a trope—‘the synaesthetic metaphor’—that held out the promise of the unification of the arts and a radical transformation of consciousness and society. In this sensational account of the wellsprings of the modernist inter-arts, Polina Dimova takes us on a journey that transgresses every conceivable border— including between fantasy and reality—and makes worlds of sense.”—David Howes, author of Sensorial Investigations

Polina Dimova is Associate Professor of Russian at the University of Denver.

List of Illustrations

List of Music Examples

Acknowledgments

Note on the Text and the Digital Companion List of Abbreviations

Twenty Theses on Synaesthesia

Introduction

Part 1: modernist synaesthesia: art and science

Chapter 1 Synaesthetic Genealogies: Common Sense, Artistic Synthesis, and Universal Correspondences

Chapter 2 Synaesthesia at the Fin de Siècle: Scientific and Artistic Discourses

Part 2: transforming the senses: decadent and symbolist visions

Chapter 3 Deranging the Senses: The Dissemination of Oscar Wilde’s Salomé Across the Arts

Chapter 4 Merging the Senses: The Russian Symbolist Poetics of Light and Aleksandr Scriabin’s Electric Prometheus

Part 3: projecting the senses: from mystical synaesthesia to abstraction

Chapter 5 Sensory Counterpoints: Wassily Kandinsky’s Color- Sounds and the Dissonance of Modernity

Chapter 6 František Kupka’s Synaesthetic Disks: Music, Color, Motion

Chapter 7 “Bright Patches and Dots of Light”: Andrei Bely’s Synaesthetic Abstractions

Part 4: extending the senses: rainer maria rilke’s language as synaesthetic technology

Chapter 8 Translating the Senses: Auguste Rodin’s and Rainer Maria Rilke’s Synaesthetic Fragments

Chapter 9 The Senses, Fragmented and United: Rainer Maria Rilke, Orpheus, and the Phonograph

Coda: Synaesthesia as Constellation

Notes

Bibliography

Index

Introduction

Art History & Architecture

           Modern and Contemporary

           Nineteenth-century

History

           European

           Nineteenth-century

Literary Studies

           Modernism

Music

Poetry

Sensory Studies